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适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型

  • 国知局
  • 2024-08-01 05:55:55

本申请涉及无人机翼型设计,特别是涉及一种适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型。

背景技术:

1、对于低雷诺数工况(即雷诺数小于300000的工况)下的翼型而言层流分离是比较严重的气动问题,这会极大破坏翼型的气动特性,因此选用的升力系数不会太高。同时低雷诺数无人机由于体型限制导致雷诺数较小,为了避免低雷诺数造成的气动效率下降,往往采取较大的弦长,为了减小诱导阻力采取较大展长,因此机翼面积相对于机身面积比值较大。同时由于载荷较轻所以机翼载荷较小,一般小于10kg/m2,同时由于发动机功率较低导致速度也较低。终上所述低雷诺数翼型的使用升力系数往往较小,一般在0.2~0.5左右。因此这类无人机的设计目标是在较小的升力系数下实现较大的升阻比,根据前述低速无人机适合采用弯度较小的翼型,因为对于弯度较大的翼型在相同升力系数下处于负迎角状态,其下翼面会出现流动分离导致与小弯度翼型相比在相同的小升力系数下的阻力较大气动效率反而较低。

技术实现思路

1、基于此,有必要针对上述技术问题,提供一种适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型。

2、一种适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,翼型的前缘半径0.625%c,翼型的最大厚度7.10%c,最大厚度位置28.33%c,翼型的最大弯度1.10%c,最大弯度位置27.93%c;其中c为弦长。

3、翼型上表面和翼型下表面的几何坐标表达式为:

4、

5、

6、

7、

8、其中,ytop、ylow分别为低雷诺数单段翼型上表面和下表面纵坐标,ytop0、ylow0分别为原始翼型上表面和下表面纵坐标,k为控制翼型厚度分布关键点的变量点个数,ck为扰动变量,xk为扰动位置,x为弦长位置,α为控制斜率变光滑的系数,n为控制翼型厚度分布关键点的变量点总数,fk(x)为改进的hicks-henne型函数,β用来控制衰减速度的系数。

9、上述适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,该低雷诺数单段翼型的前缘半径0.625%c,翼型的最大厚度7.10%c,最大厚度位置28.33%c,翼型的最大弯度1.10%c,最大弯度位置27.93%c;其中c为弦长。该翼型在升力系数为0.1~0.4时的阻力系数以及升阻比均优于原始翼型,降低了翼型型阻,且在三维应用中,使该翼型气动效率提升,翼型在升力系数为0.2~0.5时其气动特性均优于原始翼型。

技术特征:

1.一种适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,其特征在于,所述翼型的前缘半径0.625%c,翼型的最大厚度7.10%c,最大厚度位置28.33%c,翼型的最大弯度1.10%c,最大弯度位置27.93%c;其中c为弦长;

2.根据权利要求1所述的用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,其特征在于,在雷诺数为200000,优化目标为升力系数为0.2时的升阻比kcl=0.2和升力系数为0.4时的升阻比kcl=0.4最大,同时限制翼型厚度不减小,弯度不增大的条件下,采用hicks-henne参数优化方法在基础翼型上施加扰动,利用高阶面元法计算气动性能,得到低雷诺数单段翼型。

3.根据权利要求2所述的用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,其特征在于,采用hicks-henne参数优化方法进行优化时,翼型上表面和翼型下表面各有六个控制点共12个参数,a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6为翼型上表面参数,a7、a8、a9、a10、a11、a12为翼型下表面参数;其中a1的范围为:0.0163068(±0.002),a2的范围为:0.036378(±0.008),a3的范围为:0.0498979(±0.008),a4的范围为:0.0541318(±0.008),a5的范围为:0.0464058(±0.008),a6的范围为:0.015117(±0.008);a7的范围为:-0.0201292(±0.002),a8的范围为:-0.0246394(±0.008),a9的范围为:-0.0217315(±0.008),a10的范围为:-0.0166205(±0.008),a11的范围为:-0.0100663(±0.008),a12的范围为:-0.0029361(±0.008)。

4.根据权利要求1所述的用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,其特征在于,翼型上表面和翼型下表面各六个控制点共12个参数,a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6为翼型上表面参数,a7、a8、a9、a10、a11、a12为翼型下表面参数;其中翼型上表面参数a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6的值分别为:0.0163068、0.036378、0.0498979、0.0541318、0.0464058、0.015117,翼型下表面参数a7、a8、a9、a10、a11、a12的值分别为:-0.0201292、-0.0246394、-0.0217315、0.0166205、-0.0100663、-0.0029361。

5.根据权利要求1所述的用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型,其特征在于,翼型弦长为1时,则翼型上表面所对应的坐标如下:x、y分别代表二维坐标系下翼型上表面和下表面离散点坐标值,其中翼型上表面x、y的取值如下:(1,0.0005)、(0.9958,0.0008)、(0.9877,0.0015)、(0.9773,0.0024)、(0.9661,0.0034)、(0.955,0.0045)、(0.944,0.0055)、(0.9329,0.0066)、(0.9217,0.0077)、(0.9103,0.0088)、(0.8991,0.0099)、(0.8878,0.0111)、(0.8766,0.0122)、(0.8653,0.0133)、(0.854,0.0144)、(0.8427,0.0156)、(0.8314,0.0167)、(0.82,0.0178)、(0.8087,0.0189)、(0.7974,0.0199)、(0.786,0.021)、(0.7747,0.022)、(0.7633,0.023)、(0.752,0.024)、(0.7407,0.025)、(0.7294,0.026)、(0.7181,0.0269)、(0.7068,0.0278)、(0.6956,0.0287)、(0.6844,0.0296)、(0.6732,0.0305)、(0.662,0.0313)、(0.6508,0.0321)、(0.6396,0.0328)、(0.6283,0.0336)、(0.6171,0.0343)、(0.6059,0.035)、(0.5946,0.0357)、(0.5834,0.0364)、(0.5722,0.037)、(0.5609,0.0376)、(0.5497,0.0383)、(0.5385,0.0389)、(0.5272,0.0395)、(0.516,0.04)、(0.5048,0.0406)、(0.4935,0.0411)、(0.4823,0.0416)、(0.4711,0.0421)、(0.4598,0.0426)、(0.4486,0.043)、(0.4373,0.0434)、(0.4261,0.0438)、(0.4149,0.0442)、(0.4036,0.0446)、(0.3924,0.0449)、(0.3811,0.0452)、(0.3699,0.0455)、(0.3587,0.0457)、(0.3474,0.0459)、(0.3362,0.0461)、(0.325,0.0462)、(0.3138,0.0464)、(0.3026,0.0464)、(0.2914,0.0465)、(0.2802,0.0465)、(0.269,0.0464)、(0.2579,0.0463)、(0.2468,0.0461)、(0.2356,0.0459)、(0.2246,0.0456)、(0.2135,0.0453)、(0.2024,0.0449)、(0.1914,0.0444)、(0.1804,0.0438)、(0.1695,0.0432)、(0.1585,0.0424)、(0.1477,0.0416)、(0.1368,0.0407)、(0.1261,0.0396)、(0.1154,0.0384)、(0.1048,0.0371)、(0.0943,0.0356)、(0.084,0.0339)、(0.0738,0.032)、(0.0638,0.03)、(0.0541,0.0277)、(0.0447,0.0253)、(0.0359,0.0226)、(0.0279,0.0198)、(0.0211,0.0171)、(0.0156,0.0145)、(0.0114,0.0122)、(0.0082,0.0102)、(0.0057,0.0085)、(0.0039,0.0069)、(0.0025,0.0055)、(0.0014,0.0041)、(0.0007,0.0028)、(0.0002,0.0015)、(0,0.0003);

技术总结本申请涉及一种适用于低速无人机的低雷诺数单段翼型。该低雷诺数单段翼型的前缘半径0.625%C,翼型的最大厚度7.10%C,最大厚度位置28.33%C,翼型的最大弯度1.10%C,最大弯度位置27.93%C;其中C为弦长。该翼型在升力系数为0.1~0.4时的阻力系数以及升阻比均优于原始翼型,降低了翼型型阻,且在三维应用中,使该翼型气动效率提升,翼型在升力系数为0.2~0.5时其气动特性均优于原始翼型。技术研发人员:郭正,余科,王顺顺,杨宇丹,鲁亚飞,陈清阳,贾高伟,王鹏,侯中喜受保护的技术使用者:中国人民解放军国防科技大学技术研发日:技术公布日:2024/6/18

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